Essay on International Business Structure - 963 Words

There are four theoretical constructions relating to market structures, these are oligopoly, monopoly, perfect competition and monopolistic competition. Each theory has its individual assumptions and norms. In turn, these theories will be analysed, compared and contrasted with real life examples. The market structure related to each business reflects the profit maximisation and productions of the firms. The demand curve will also vary depending on the market structure; MC=MR. Perfect competition is representative of a competitive market; customary firms sell homogenous products such as milk or potatoes. The generic assumptions for such firms refer to the barriers of entry being unrestricted. The commercial milk market for example, over the†¦show more content†¦Equally in a perfect competition scenario both structures see the consumer with little power over the product or service bought. Figure 1.0 is typical for a monopoly firm that is carrying out profit maximisation. The firm is a price maker unlike in perfect competition; but in contrast to perfect competition a monopolistic will produce a lower output at a higher price in the short term. As like most market structures a monopoly will maximise profits where MC=MR. As shown above, profit is maximised at Q1. The less elastic the demand, the profit will tend to be larger and consequently the MR curve will be steeper. Furthermore, other market structures include oligopoly and monopolistic competition. Oligopoly occurs when a small number of firms have a large market share and consequently the market. The products are relatively differentiated and the main area of competition is product marketing. Oligopolies have various barriers to entry and the interdependent characteristics of an oligopoly, sets this market structure apart from others. Similarly a firm experiencing monopolistic competition will also have numerous firms in the market and consequently each firm will only hold a small market share. Unlike in an oligopoly where the actions of rivals could possibly be detrimental to each firm, the firms within monopolistic competitionShow MoreRelatedStrategy And Structure Of International Business Essay1188 Words   |  5 PagesStrategy and Structure of International Business (Part 2), summary Firms expand on international level to increase their profitability. In order to maximize that profitability they must adapt their strategy to the structure and business environment. During this unity, I lean haw a firm can be organized and how it can choose the appropriate strategy according to its structure and environment. Also, I lean the different possibility of expansion which a firm can take and the advantages and risks ofRead MoreThe International Industrial And Financial Business Structure1449 Words   |  6 Pageseconomic development has become a common public good. 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Diversity and Ethics in the Workplace - 796 Words

Employment Discrimination is and has been one of the most common forms of repression in different societies and cultures in all times. Global and cultural diversity are the biggest and most important challenges that organizations face in nowadays. The diversity of the workforce means that organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of age, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, religion, ethnic origin, for health, occupation, etc. Diversity is an advantage in this global world, and it cannot be considered as a disadvantage in obtaining opportunities (McGuire amp; Mammed, 2010). The most common policies by companies to demonstrate their commitment to diversity is increasing and perform actions on gender equality within its†¦show more content†¦Also, improve human relations at work and create better organizational climate. The concept of diversity means understanding, respect and value all people with their differences, including the characteristics that make each of us unique individuals. To be committed to diversity consist in not discriminate people, because of disability, race, religion, sexual orientation or social background; is to allow each individual to give the best of himself/herself contributing with his/her knowledge, energy, and talent to the goals of the organization. Workplaces can benefit from the mix of cultures, traditions, and experiences. People of a different ethnic background bring new energy and vitality to the workplace. Diversity allows people who do not naturally see the world in the same way to learn to work with each other, solve problems together, and work together for success (McGuire amp; Mammed, 2010). We also need to understand gender differences in the workplace because gender may define certain attitudes, behavior, and thinking. 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Financial Accounting Theory and as Oceanic Ecosystem

Question: Discuss abot the Financial Accounting Theory and as Oceanic Ecosystem. Answers: Introduction All firms put either direct or indirect effect on the ecosystem due to its operations and in this report; a case on British Petroleum Limited has been studied. It has been found that BP Limited is responsible for causing direct harm to the environment as it causes oil spills and this adversely effects the social, economical wealth as well as oceanic ecosystem (Freeman et al., 2014). It has been found that there are mainly three issues for which BP Limited is responsible. These are effect of oil spill on oceanic ecosystem, short of ecosystem services for administering risks and short of regulation outline for detecting restoration cost. As a result, the purpose of this report is to make BP Limited alert regarding its operations and damages that it causes to the environment. Aim of the Report Based on detailed study, BP Limited is incompetent to detect its cost regarding restoration and so it measures and calculates it in terms of worth of money. Additionally, BP limited does not put importance on the damages that it does to the social and ecological wealth through numerous oil spills (Raj Roy, 2016). Furthermore, the firm considers this as non-marketed goods. Thus, generally, the organization should put emphasis on this and should measure its valuation. Government considers the organization responsible for paying cleanup cost as it causes oil spill and harms the environment. It has been fund that BP limited does figures out clearly what damages it have done to the ecosystem. Thus, the primary aim of this study is to make BP Limited concerned about the damages that it does to the ecosystem through causing oil spill. Problems Determined and Consequences Effect of oil spill on oceanic ecosystem Short of ecosystem services for administering risks Short of regulation outline for detecting restoration cost Process of the Research This study will be performed on the basis of data collected through both primary and secondary resources. Primary research will include face-to-face interview or telephonic interview and questionnaire survey and these will be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively respectively (Molisa, 2014). Secondary research will include gathering data from articles, journals and books. Limitations and Suppositions For better data collection, survey of the inhabitants of Gulf Coast will occur as oil spills occurred there. Furthermore, for gathering accurate data, interview and survey of the staffs of the particular firm will also take place (Deegan, 2013). However, some of the employees might as well as the residents of Gulf Coast might hesitate to participate in the survey, so the researcher might face trouble during the course of data collection. Discussion Literature Review Effect of oil Spill on Oceanic Ecosystem Oil spills are considered as pollutions and it can be of two types. Firstly, due to various causes, accidentally some oil spills occur, those are called accidental spills, whereas, the second type occurs due to ignorance and carelessness of workforce, so it is termed as intentional spill. All these spills adversely impacts the oceanic ecosystem (Dyckman Zeff, 2015). Thus, BP Limited should provide the fine and cleanup cost for the betterment of the ecosystem. Nonetheless, the firm intends to conceal the fact that its operations have affected and cause damage to the social, ecological wealth and the environment. Identification and measurement of damage caused to the ecology is very difficult and BP Limited does this in terms of time and money. Thus, it should put measureable factors such that the damage to the ecosystem can be reduced. Short of Ecosystem Services for Administering Risks It has been found that as per the moral and ethical standard of the firm BP Limited, most of the stakeholders keeps belief on the organization; thus, the firm should put forward its approaches towards the betterment of the ecosystem. In addition to this, the organization should include the environmental standards of accounting for making the firm more consistent to its stakeholders (Miller Power, 2013). This accounting standard is important for BP Limited as it helps to build a strong involvement among the environment, ecosystem and corporate agent. Short of Regulation Outline for Detecting Restoration Cost It has been found that the petroleum firms generally crack the punishment level through political bargaining. Nonetheless, it is not regarded as an appropriate approach as the damages done by a firm is not recuperated by this. Furthermore, method-oriented outline can be implemented for appraising the related risks. Thus, this approach is considered as a compulsory method for every organization. Accidental spills occur for crash of dictatorial agency, the reason behind this is that it provides characterized account in ecosystem (Shubik, 2014). The disclosed information of a corporation is considered as a vital aspect as it guides the management to evaluate the effort point for restoration process of environmental properties. Therefore, it can be said that lack of outlines of regulation would adversely affect the firm, particularly to the detection of renovation expense. Therefore, method-oriented outline is mandatory for betterment of the operations of the firm. Methodologies Procedure Here, both the secondary and primary research procedures will be integrated, so questionnaires will be provided to both staffs of BP Limited and inhabitants of Gulf. Secondary data will be gathered from the articles, journals and books (Horngren et al., 2013). Size of Sample For making the study easier, primary data will be collected from a fixed sample size of 50 employees and 150 inhabitants of Gulf and this will be selected on a random basis. Principles of Selection Probability sampling technique and fixed sample size will be implemented here for making the research easier. Data Analysis and Discussion Effect of oil Spill on Oceanic Ecosystem The employees of BP Limited stated that there are several kinds of spills (oil) and their percentage of occurrence have also been noted below. Figure 1: Kinds of Oil Spills and Percentage of their Occurrence (Source: Bp.com, 2017) This above pie chart represents various kinds of spills and thus its effect on the oceanic ecosystem can be understood from the following graph: Figure 2: Bird Mortality Rate (Source: Crawford Lepine, 2013) Short of Ecosystem Services for Administering Risks Different kinds of oil spills have been found to affect the ecosystem negatively and this manly occurs in seas or oceans but it also affect the other parts like: Figure 3: Key Accidental Oil Spills (Source: Crawford Lepine, 2013) All these occur due to short of incorporation of proper ecosystem services within the firm. The residents of Gulf stated that the oil spills mainly affect the cessation of deepwater. However, it also affects the other aspects. These are: Figure 4: Impact of Oil Spills (Source: Bp.com, 2017) Short of Regulation Outline for Detecting Restoration Cost It has been found that demand of oil increased, so supply of oil also increased simultaneously. However, along with these the rate of occurring oil spills increased, so the numbers of employees, workforce and contractors of BP Limited decreased. Figure 5: Oils Demand and Supply (Source: Bp.com, 2017) Figure 6: Raise in Demand of Workforce, Contractors and Employees (Source: Bp.com, 2017) The projected budget of Deepwater Horizon can be understood as per the data collected from the staffs of BP Limited. Figure 7: Budget of Deepwater Horizon (Source: Bp.com, 2017) However, the short of authoritarian outline, which assists to detect restoration cost can be better understood from the following print screen. Figure 8: Short of Dictatorial Frame (Source: Bp.com, 2017) Data Accurateness Accurate information has been gathered here from both secondary and primary resources and representatives can rely on the researcher, as the collected information will not be disclosed. Conclusion BP Limited should be more aware about the social and ecological wealth. Thus, oil spills should be reduced that take place due to carelessness of the employees. Lastly, the fines that are paid to the government of the country by BP Limited is not enough for improving the damages it have done to the oceanic ecosystem. Recommendations BP Limited should integrate the environmental standards of accounting for running the business eco-friendly. In addition, the firm should consider accurate measures to protect the environment. References Bp.com. (2017).Bp.com. [online] Available at: https://www.bp.com [Accessed 18 Jan. 2017]. Crawford, E. R., Lepine, J. A. (2013). A configural theory of team processes: Accounting for the structure of taskwork and teamwork.Academy of Management Review,38(1), 32-48. Deegan, C. (2013).Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Dyckman, T. R., Zeff, S. A. (2015). Accounting Research: Past, Present, and Future.Abacus,51(4), 511-524. Freeman, R. J., Shoulders, C. D., Allison, G. S., Smith Jr, G. R., Becker, C. J. (2014). Governmental and nonprofit accounting: Theory and practice.JPAEJOURNAL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS EDUCATION VOLUME 20 NUMBER 3, 441. Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Schatzberg, J. O., Burgstahler, D. (2013).Introduction to management accounting. Pearson Higher Ed. Miller, P., Power, M. (2013). Accounting, organizing, and economizing: Connecting accounting research and organization theory.Academy of Management Annals,7(1), 557-605. Molisa, P. B. M. (2014). Accounting for apocalypse: Re-thinking social accounting theory and practice for our time of social crises and ecological collapse. Raj, S. K., Roy, S. (2016). Accounting Theory: An Ethical Perspective of Real Life Scenarios.International Journal of Business and Social Research,6(10), 47-55. Shubik, M. (2014, June). Accounting and its relationship to general equilibrium theory. InProceedings on the Conference Accounting and Economics in honor of the 500th Anniversary of the Publication of Luca Paciolis Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportioni et Proportionalita(pp. 226-234).